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Saturday, May 5, 2012

Friction loss along a pipe



Experiment : friction loss along a pipe


Aim                    : 1. To verify darcy`s law frictional flow through pipes.
                                   2.To determine the friction factor for a fully developed 
                                    turbulent  flow                                                   






Apparatus   : 1.pipe friction apparatus         2. Bucket
                                    3.Measuring cylinder               4.Spirit level
                                    5.Stop watch                              6.Ruler


Theory        : Darcy`s low for frictional head for   turbulent  flow  given 
                                              Hf = (λL /2gD )n
                                             Hf  = fricion head loss
                                             λ    = Friction factor
                                            L    = length of pipe
                                            v    = Velocity

circular orifice













Experiment:  circular orifice
Aim             :  To determine the cofficient of Discharge (cd) by constant head                                                 
                           method
Apparatus      : 1.orifice Manometer        2.Spanner
                        3.Measuring cylinder       4.Spirit level
                        5.Stop watch
Theory         : Let the area of cross section of the orifice be  'a' and the head above  
                       the level of center of the orifice be 'H' Applying bernoulliu`s equation    
                      between point A and B